%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 2021
%F propylaeumdok:5947
%J Fundberichte Hessen Digital
%P 153-176
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005947
%T Gold vom Ende des Regenbogens – zu einem jüngerlatènezeitlichen Regenbogenschüsselchen aus Nidderau-Ostheim, Main-Kinzig-Kreis
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5947/
%V 2

%0 Generic
%A Frey, Otto-Herman
%C Glauburg
%D 2019
%E Posluschny, Axel G.
%E Dobiat, Claus
%E Recker, Udo
%E Rupp, Vera
%F propylaeumdok:6134
%P 23-33
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006134
%T Der Goldschmuck aus Grab 1 vom Glauberg. Deutung und Bewertung der Fundstücke
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6134/

%0 Generic
%A Frey, Otto-Herman
%C Glauburg
%D 2019
%E Posluschny, Axel G.
%E Dobiat, Claus
%E Recker, Udo
%E Rupp, Vera
%F propylaeumdok:6131
%P 3-17
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006131
%T Zur Kunst der Frühlatènezeit. Fremde Impulse und lebendige Köpfe
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6131/

%0 Generic
%A Frey, Otto-Herman
%C Glauberg
%D 2019
%E Posluschny, Axel G.
%E Dobiat, Claus
%E Recker, Udo
%E Rupp, Vera
%F propylaeumdok:6132
%P 19-21
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006132
%T Zur Rolle der etruskischen Schnabelkannen in den keltischen Gräbern Mitteleuropas
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6132/

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 2019
%F propylaeumdok:5942
%J KMN. Das Magazin von Kultur Management
%P 21-27
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005942
%T Der Blick aus der Luft in den Boden. Warum Archäologen nicht nur mit Spaten und Schaufel arbeiten
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5942/
%V 140

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 2019
%F propylaeumdok:6283
%J Archäologie in Deutschland
%N 1
%P 54
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006283
%T Ein Rössener Erdwerk vom Glauberg
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6283/
%V 54

%0 Generic
%A Posluschny, Axel
%C Oxford
%D 2019
%E Lock, Gary
%E Ralston, Ian
%F propylaeumdok:5943
%P 206-222
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005943
%T Hillforts and oppida: some thoughts on fortified settlements in southern Germany
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5943/

%0 Generic
%A Posluschny, Axel
%C Wiesbaden
%D 2018
%E Recker, Udo
%E Rupp, Vera
%F propylaeumdok:5944
%P 463-469
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005944
%T Kein Ende in Sicht – Aufgaben und Perspektiven der Glaubergforschung
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5944/
%V 29

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 2018
%F propylaeumdok:6286
%J Archäologie in Deutschland
%P 47
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006286
%T Überraschung unter dem Wall
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6286/
%V 34

%0 Generic
%A Posluschny, Axel
%C Oxford
%D 2017
%E Stoddart, Sinon
%F propylaeumdok:5945
%P 9-26
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005945
%T Early Iron Age Fürstensitze – some thoughts on a not-so-uniform phenomenon
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5945/

%0 Edited Book
%C Bonn
%D 2015
%E Posluschny, Axel
%F propylaeumdok:2513
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00002513
%T Sensing the Past. Contributions from the ArcLand Conference on Remote Sensing for Archaeology
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/2513/

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 2015
%F propylaeumdok:5948
%J DAI e-Forschungsberichte
%P 55-64
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005948
%T Dumfriesshire, Großbritannien: Landschaftsarchäologische Untersuchungen an zwei Fundstellen in Südschottland. Die Arbeiten des Jahres 2015
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5948/
%V 3

%0 Generic
%A Posluschny, Axel
%C Berlin
%D 2012
%E Dally, Ortwin
%E Fless, Friederike
%E Haensch, Rudolf
%E Pirson, Felix
%E Sievers, Susanne
%F propylaeumdok:5964
%P 113-124
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005964
%T Von Nah und Fern? Methodische Aspekte zur Wegeforschung
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5964/
%V 6

%0 Generic
%A Alexakis, Dimitris
%A Astaras, Theodoros
%A Sarris, Apostolos
%A Vouzaxakis, Kostas
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:560
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000560
%T Reconstructing the neolithic landscape of Thessaly through a GIS and geological approach
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/560/
%X Neolithic Thessaly has been traditionally studied to understand human partitioning and territoriality of the landscape by non-hierarchical human groups. Thessaly is a region of low relief with extensive coastline and a great alluvial plain, where hundreds of Neolithic settlements/tells called magoules were established from the Early Neolithic period until the Bronze Age. Archaeological data was collected forming a corpus of surveyed and excavated sites and settlements, differentiated by type, size or time-scale of occupation. Reconstruction of the Neolithic landscape was based on synthesis of geological maps, records of stratigraphic data collected from a total of 400 boreholes and the indexing of past studies relative to the geomorphological changes that have affected Neolithic Thessaly from Holocene until today. These were spatially and statistically processed to estimate the amount of alluvial deposits and their distribution on the Thessalian plain from the Early Neolithic period to the present.

%0 Generic
%A Alexander, Craig
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:512
%K Felskunstrock art
%P 366-371
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000512
%T The Bedolina map – an exploratory network analysis
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/512/
%X This paper applies the techniques of network analysis to an example of Iron Age mappiform rockart in Valcamonica, Italy, (known as the Bedolina map) in order to better understand the nature and creation of the representation. Measures such as vertex degree, closeness centrality and density support the conclusions that the image forms a coherent whole, that there may well be a preferred compositional primitive consisting of a particular combination of element types and that different image elements differ in the way that they relate to the mappiform as a whole.

%0 Generic
%A Anderson, Michael
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:536
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000536
%T Putting the "reality" in virtual reality: new advances through game engine technology
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/536/
%X During the past four years, a number of projects have begun to realise the cost-effectiveness of using software and hardware designed for the purposes of the computer game industry in production of academically acceptable and archaeologically accurate 3D virtual realities. However, these tools present advantages for academic reconstruction beyond simply reducing costs. Computer game virtual realities are enhanced by sound, changing daylight conditions, environmental effects, realistic physics and, most importantly, are populated by a number of different inhabitants. This paper argues that archaeological virtual reality must continue to follow in the footsteps of game designers, taking advantage of the unique opportunities presented by game engines and continuing to increase the immersive effect and functional utility of scientific reconstructions. To this end, continued work on the recreation of a single house from the ancient city of Pompeii is presented, demonstrating the unique advantages of computer game engines and tools.

%0 Generic
%A Arnese, Alessio
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:528
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000528
%T Applying ecological niche factor analysis for predictive modelling in the Kaulonia field survey
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/528/
%X During the archaeological survey in Kaulonia (Calabria, Southern Italy), we observed a pattern in the distribution of Bronze Age finds. Due to that observation, we tried to define both a model of these findings and a map of their probability of presence. We have chosen a method applied to model animal distribution, the Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (ENFA) that works without absence data. ENFA computes the suitability function by comparing the species distribution in the eco-geographical variables (EGV) space with that of the whole set of cells. The model describes the Bronze Age findings as more influenced first by high elevations, then by the distance from sea. In the next survey campaigns, we have tested the Habitat Suitability map, surveying new areas and we found new concentrations of Bronze Age finds where there is a high potential on the Habitat Suitability map.

%0 Generic
%A Aufschnaiter, Maja
%A Cramer, Anja
%A Heinz, Guido
%A Müller, Hartmut
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:533
%K Höhlensiedlungcave settlement
%P 72-77
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000533
%T Documentation of Medieval caves in southern Crimea (Ukraine) using hybrid data sources
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/533/
%X The subject of this article is the geometric documentation of more than 500 caves cut into the soft rock of the plateau of Eski-Kermen, a medieval settlement on the highlands of the south-western Crimea. The types of caves and carved surface areas vary from very simple to extensive ones. A large number of traces and objects were recorded as basis for the understanding of the use of the caves, which were modified throughout the centuries until recent times. The aim of our sub-project is to develop a comprehensive system of effective geometric and archaeological documentation for further studies of cave settlements.

%0 Generic
%A Austin, Tony
%A Mitcham, Jenny
%A Richards, Julian D.
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:497
%P 194-199
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000497
%T From questions to answers: outcomes from the 'big data' project
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/497/
%X It is axiomatic that archaeologists will expand their research to encompass the computing resources available to them and thus the use of larger and larger datasets. These often take the form of seismic, maritime and satellite surveys using proprietary equipment and software. That there might be problems preserving and reusing this data led to the commissioning of the “Big Data” project. This paper summarises the outcomes as presented in the project’s final report.

%0 Generic
%A Barceló, Juan A.
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:511
%P 413-417
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000511
%T Towards a true automatic archaeology: integrating technique and theory
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/511/
%X The question of whether it is possible to automate the scientific process is of both great theoretical interest and increasing practical importance because, in many scientific areas, data is being generated much faster than they can be effectively analyzed. I describe here a virtual robotic system which can be physically implemented that applies techniques from artificial intelligence to carry out cycles of scientific experimentation. I am exploring an analogy with the idea of “intelligent” machine, to understand the way we, archaeologists, think. If a computer can be programmed to perform human-like tasks it offers a “model” of the human activity that is less open to argument than the empirical explanations that are normal in philosophy. The purpose is to understand how intelligent behavior in archaeology is possible.

%0 Generic
%A Barceló, Juan A.
%A Maximiano, Alfredo
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:524
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000524
%T Some notes regarding distributional analysis of spatial data
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/524/
%X The purpose of geostatistics and other quantitative spatial analysis methods is the characterization of the processes having generated the spatial distribution of archaeological data. In this paper1 we investigate whether such methods can be used to distinguish the regularity or randomness of the social event or events having generated the observed spatial distribution. Our hypothesis is that only statistically significant deviations from spatial randomness can be interpreted as intentional clustering. Archaeological data distributions are best characterized in terms of spatial processes which are symmetrical around a central mean.

%0 Generic
%A Bobowski, Bogdan
%A Walczak, Krzysztof
%A Stawniak, Miroslaw
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:483
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000483
%T Hybrid 3D visualisations of archaeological sites: dynamic 3D visualisations of Harris Matrix data for rescue town excavations, Gdansk / Szafarnia site, Poland
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/483/
%X In our solution a rich database model is used to represent stratigraphic data. This allows for the easy selection of ranges and types of data for visualisation. Using a simple data management application, several archaeologists can easily share the same dataset, enabling group work. Using a database management system for data storage instantly gives numerous benefits, which, among others, include efficient data representation, robust data access, transactional processing and data integrity constraints (verification of possible values, their constraints, their relationships, etc.). A prototype of an X-VR based Harris Matrix visualisation system has been developed. 3D diagrams can be displayed using standard VRML plug-ins to internet browsers without installing any specific software. The system has been tested on data from Gdańsk town excavations – Szafarnia (Schaferei) site.

%0 Generic
%A Brasse, Christiane
%A Heine, Katja
%A Zhao, Dexu
%A Wulf, Ulrike
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:542
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000542
%T A 3D solution for a web-based building information system
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/542/
%X This paper presents an information system for the documentation of research results in building archaeology as applied to the example of “Domus Severiana” palace on the Palatine Hill in Rome. In connection with the development of CISAR – a modular open-source web-based information system for archaeological field work and building archaeology – a special solution with the focus on 3D building documentation was created. There are many commercial and non-commercial software products for 2D web-based information systems, whereas few solutions for 3D GIS are available. Therefore, an independent product was developed based mainly on open source components. The use of open source technology allows for the optimal adaptation to user requirements and a standardised data exchange. The information system is an effective working tool that facilitates the documentation of building characteristics and related data analysis; users do not need to have special knowledge of computer science or graphics.

%0 Generic
%A Brigand, Robin
%A Ninfo, Andrea
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:561
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000561
%T Landscape archaeology in the Venetian plain (Northern Italy)
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/561/
%X This study underlines the links between environmental sciences and social sciences and aims for a better understanding of the landscape dynamics in the Venetian plain. The geodynamic constraints resulting from natural forces and the historical land occupation patterns are approached jointly. The analysis of the agrarian morphology of the plain is integrated with the geomorphological data. The prevalence of the irrigation networks constructed in order to control the hydrous flows, by irrigation or draining is highlighted. This includes 1) centurial forms, understood as a remarkable tool for agrarian improvement, 2) patterns of land planning, dating from the 12th and 13th centuries AC, 3) modern networks accompanying the Venetian nobility’s colonisation campaign of the plain. These agrarian dynamics allow us to pinpoint the complexity of the historical heritages, closely combined with the natural components, while restricted to the Venetian plain landscape.

%0 Generic
%A Burns, Gwendolyn
%A Fronabarger, A. Kem
%A Whitley, Thomas G.
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:521
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000521
%T Predictive modeling of cultural resources in the Theban necropolis, Luxor, Egypt
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/521/
%X The Egyptian Government created the Egyptian Antiquities Information System (EAIS) and a Comprehensive Development Plan to help protect cultural resources in the Theban Necropolis, Luxor, Egypt. By creating a cognitive predictive model and assessing its utility in locating tombs, researchers could be aided in the understanding of why these locations were preferred by the ancient Egyptians. The cognitive evaluations used include tomb location relative to geology, slope, elevation, fractures, and religious/burial practices. A set of sensitivity surfaces was created using Geographical Information System (GIS) / statistical analysis of measured and derived environmental and cultural attributes. Analysis of fifteen sensitivity surfaces produced two viable models which could be combined with the EAIS database to help show which areas should be avoided or studied further. The most important information generated from this research is the fact that there is a lack of focus in the archaeological world concerning why tomb locations were chosen.

%0 Generic
%A Chataigner, Christine
%A Barge, Olivier
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:554
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000554
%T Quantitative approach to the diffusion of obsidian in the ancient northern Near East
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/554/
%X Tracing the transport of obsidian in the ancient Near East has played an important role in identifying prehistoric trade networks. The quantitative aspect of these exchanges has until now been rarely studied, whether the weight of material transported, its correlation with the means of transport (carried by humans, by pack or draught animals, by boat), the number of hours or days necessary between the source and the archaeological sites. Obsidian sources located in the northern Near East (Eastern Anatolia, Transcaucasia) were extensively exploited between the 7th–3rd mill. BC. The GIS modelling and quantification of the provision of obsidian in this mountainous region have revealed the predominance of a direct mode of acquisition, based partly on transhumance. The ethnographic data and the accounts of travellers in past centuries contribute precious information, which clarifies and supports the results of the modelling achieved using the GIS.

%0 Generic
%A Claßen, Erich
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:559
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000559
%T Early neolithic social networks in western Germany
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/559/
%X Applications of the social network approach in archaeology have been conducted in the course of a PhD thesis at the University of Cologne (Classen 2006). These analyses dealt with exchange mechanisms involved in the distribution of raw material for flint artefact production, as well as with similarities in pottery decoration, which serve as an indicator of “communication networks” between settlements of the Early Neolithic “Bandkeramik” in the Rhineland. Network analytical methods were used to visualize networks and to describe the properties of the different networks in distinct phases of the Early Neolithic in Western Germany. One result of these analyses is a change in the relationships between settlements over time, which is regarded as indicative of a changing social structure. Whereas in the earlier phases, kinship seems to have had a greater influence on relationships, at the end of the Early Neolithic in Western Germany, alliances were formed for other reasons.

%0 Generic
%A Crompton, Shirley
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:492
%P 147-152
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000492
%T 3D lithic analysis
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/492/
%X Stone tools are palimpsests of ancient lifeways which otherwise left behind few material remains. They are the products of codified human behaviours which lithic analysts seek to understand by inferring the processes that lead to their design, production, usage and eventual discard. Traditional quantitative lithic analyses typically focus on describing stone tool morphology using discrete linear measurements and on examining their formal variability by descriptive statistics. This paper presents an alternative approach based on 3D modelling techniques and demonstrates its application in a case study of Middle Palaeolithic projectile points. Using 3D landmarks to quantify artefact morphology permits an objective comparison of artefact shape variations using Procrustes superimposition, a geometric morphometrics technique for studying the shape of organisms. This approach is particularly ‘user-friendly’ as the computed shape differences can be visualised directly to facilitate an intuitive understanding of the perceived variation.

%0 Generic
%A De Beenhouwer, Jan
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:539
%P 160-163
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000539
%T Data management for moulded ceramics and digital image comparison: a case study of Roman terra cotta figurines
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/539/
%X Using a technique of image comparison on the one hand and data management on the other, we have developed a system that takes into account the singularity of moulded ceramics and allows us to approach the figurines from various points of view such as iconography, archaeological contexts, fabric and painting. The system is receptive to products of different economical regions and guarantees the objectivity of the dating process. A total of 3200 figurines have been described, measured and photographed to allow comparison of the digital images. The analysis enabled us to establish a relative chronology, to recognise iconographical evolution and to redefine the relationships between the coroplasts and the workshops. The major result of the study is the establishment of a chronological system that will make the figurines an important dating instrument for Roman provincial archaeology. Furthermore, we succeeded in defining the economic interaction between Eastern and Central Gaul.

%0 Generic
%A De Felice, Giuliano
%A Mangialardi, Nunzia Maria
%A Sibilano, Maria Giuseppina
%A Volpe, Giuliano
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:532
%K Römische VillaRoman villa
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000532
%T Late Roman villa at Faragola (Foggia, Italy): laser scanning for a global documentation methodology during field research
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/532/
%X Laser scanning is a tool that is increasingly being used in archaeology. While experiments often focus on its use as an instrument for surveying remains of large archaeological sites and ruins, it can also be used in the process of documenting and recording excavations. 3D registering of archaeological stratification is a challenging goal that requires a unique environment for a global set of documentation objects, including traditionally drawn overlays and plans. What a laser scanner cannot do is survey things that no longer exist. Our main concern was to merge digital born data from the laser scanner with traditional data that have to be implemented using different technologies and solutions.

%0 Generic
%A de Vries, Patricia
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:552
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000552
%T Archaeological predictive models for the Elbe valley around Dresden, Saxony, Germany
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/552/
%X Three archaeological studies were conducted preceding the construction of a motorway from Dresden to Prague. In 1996 a predictive model was developed to assess the archaeological relevance of the trajectory. The following year a survey was conducted which demonstrated the existence of several areas with high archaeological relevance. From 1999 to 2003 the full length of the trajectory was prospected by trial trenching in order to assess the precise location and extent of archaeological sites. Subsequently, all sites were excavated. During the following research project the results of these studies were compared and two predictive methods were used to develop new predictive maps for the trajectory and the Dresden Elbe Valley. Both methods were found to be useful depending on the context in which they are applied.

%0 Generic
%A Dirksen, Dieter
%A Böröcz, Zoltan
%A Bischoff, Guido
%A Loerper, Lena
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:534
%P 78-82
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000534
%T High resolution documentation and evaluation of decorated wall stones with optical 3D measurement techniques taking the megalithic gallery-grave at Züschen / Lohne, Germany as an example
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/534/
%X A method for quantitative high resolution 3D documentation and investigation of surface structures is presented for which two closely related techniques have been combined: photogrammetry and optical profilometry (fringe projection technique). While the latter is particularly suitable for achieving large quantities of 3D data from limited areas photogrammetry allows a very precise measurement of single points in a wide field. By integrating these methods large surfaces decorated with rock art can be acquired with high resolution. For further evaluation range images are computed which render 3D data as a virtual image where each pixel represents a height value. The example of the gallery-grave at Züschen/Lohne in Hesse, Germany, demonstrates the capabilities of the method.

%0 Generic
%A Ducke, Benjamin
%A Kroefges, Peter C.
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:550
%P 245-251
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000550
%T From points to areas: constructing territories from archaeological site patterns using an enhanced Xtent model
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/550/
%X Territorial reasoning is a basic topic of spatial archaeology. The ability to establish territorial extents of political, religious or economic zones allows us to move from point to area-based observations and hypotheses. We present a substantially enhanced, GIS-based version of Renfrew and Level’s classic Xtent algorithm. Our version offers various advantages over the original. It respects terrain properties, a priori physical movement constraints and hierarchical relations between sites, maximum territory sizes are easy to control and a measure of uncertainty is provided. The software implementation used in this paper was done within the framework of the open source GRASS geographic information system.

%0 Generic
%A Dunn, Stuart
%A Gold, Nicolas
%A Hughes, Lorna
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:570
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000570
%T CHIMERA: a service oriented computing approach for archaeological research
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/570/
%X Archaeological data is available in greater complexity and volume than ever before, which presents significant challenges and opportunities. In this position paper, we describe how a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) could be deployed not only to bring federated resources together with a unified searching capability, but also how those capabilities could themselves be used to create a ‘bottom up’ domain ontology for the resources’ subject area or areas. By linking with Virtual Research Environment (VRE) technology, this system could deliver access to a range of digital resources for excavators in the field, and at the same time provide a valuable body of semantic information about the archaeological research workflow, as expressed in the natural language archaeologists use to conduct their collection searches.

%0 Generic
%A El-Hakim, Sabry F.
%A Remondino, Fabio
%A Gonzo, Lorenzo
%A Voltolini, Francesca
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:529
%P 43-50
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000529
%T Effective high resolution 3D geometric reconstruction of heritage and archaeological sites from images
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/529/
%X Motivated by the need for a fast, accurate, and high-resolution approach to documenting heritage and archaeological objects before they are removed or destroyed, the goal of this paper is to develop and demonstrate advanced image-based techniques to capture the fine 3D geometric details of such objects. The size of the object may be large and of any arbitrary shape which presents a challenge to all existing 3D techniques. Although range sensors can directly acquire high resolution 3D points, they can be costly and impractical to set up and move around archaeological sites. Alternatively, image-based techniques acquire data from inexpensive portable digital cameras. We present a sequential multi-stage procedure for 3D data capture from images designed to model fine geometric details. Test results demonstrate the utility and flexibility of the technique and prove that it creates highly detailed models in a reliable manner for many different types of surface detail.

%0 Generic
%A Erkul, Ercan
%A Hüser, Andreas
%A Stümpel, Harald
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:487
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000487
%T Combined geophysical survey of an ancient Hittite dam: new and old high-tech
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/487/
%X Investigating ancient living conditions in their entirety is becoming increasingly important in archaeology. In the late Bronze Age (1600–1200 B.C.) at the Hittite city of Sarissa, a functioning irrigation system was necessary. The most significant component of the water supply to Sarissa are three dams before the city gates, which could be detected by geophysical survey. Today, archaeological geophysics is faced with mapping large areas of ancient settlements. Geophysical surveying methods are especially suitable for this task. The spectrum of geophysical measurement procedures used in archaeology reaches from geoelectrics and geomagnetics to electromagnetics and georadar. At the Christian-Albrechts-University (CAU) in Kiel, a motorized Multi-Sensor System has been developed and used at the Hittite city of Sarissa (today Kuşaklı) in central Anatolia to measure different physical ground parameters.

%0 Generic
%A Fabricatore, Giulio
%A Cantone, Francesca
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:485
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000485
%T Pushing the archaeological interpretation by analysing workflow protocols: the variable transparency image stacker and DATARCH© archaeological data management system
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/485/
%X The main aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of managing archaeological data in a shared 3D environment. As already published by our research group, study and analysis of workflow protocols are the basis for the development of software able to support and improve archaeological data management, by introducing new methods and tools to analyze archaeological excavations (e.g. the DATARCH “Variable Transparency Image Stacker”). The progress of Web 2.0 and shared technologies makes it possible to go deeper with this research into archaeological workflow protocols and data management, exploring 3D distributed environments and the possibility of their application to archaeology in particular. The case studies selected for this research are the recent excavations carried out by Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II in Foce Sele Hera Sanctuary and in the Cuma Forum.

%0 Generic
%A Fiz, Ignacio
%A Orengo, Hèctor A.
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:518
%P 316-321
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000518
%T Simulating communication routes in Mediterranean alluvial plains
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/518/
%X Societies exchange knowledge, ideas and merchandise throughout their territories. Topography plays a fundamental role in the trajectory of such movements whilst helping to explain the distribution of human constructions. Standard GIS functions have been employed widely to simulate communication routes between settlements, but the straight application of published least cost route models proved inadequate for Mediterranean alluvial plain areas in which seasonal floods become an important factor to acknowledge. The objective of this study is the production of a new model, using topographic and hydrologic factors as variables from which it would be possible to simulate a route, and test it against known Roman itineraries. The selected Roman stretches are Girona – Coll de Pannisars and Tarragona – Montblanc. The new model shows the need to consider each case individually but also stresses the hydrologic factor, expressed in seasonal floods, as being of prime importance in the creation and development of Roman roads in Mediterranean alluvial plains.

%0 Generic
%A Fiz, Ignacio
%A Orengo, Hèctor A.
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:545
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000545
%T The application of 3D reconstruction techniques in the analysis of ancient Tarraco's urban topography
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/545/
%X The widespread implementation of GIS-based 3D topographical models has been a great aid in the development and testing of archaeological hypotheses. In this paper, a topographical reconstruction of the ancient city of Tarraco, the Roman capital of the Tarraconensis province, is presented. This model is based on topographical data obtained through archaeological excavations, old photographic documentation, georeferenced archive maps depicting the pre-modern city topography, modern detailed topographical maps and differential GPS measurements. The addition of the Roman urban architectural features to the model offers the possibility to test hypotheses concerning the ideological background manifested in the city shape. This is accomplished mainly through the use of 3D views from the main city accesses. These techniques ultimately demonstrate the ‘theatre-shaped’ layout of the city (to quote Vitrubius) as well as its southwest oriented architecture, whose monumental character was conceived to present a striking aspect to visitors, particularly those arriving from the sea.

%0 Generic
%A Franck, Sara
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:540
%P 164-170
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000540
%T Spectral and GIS analysis for quarry location in ancient Messene, Greece
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/540/
%X The goal of this project was to locate previously unrecorded ancient quarries in the Greek Peleponnese, near Ancient Messene, during the summer of 2006 with limited time and resources. Through the aid of GIS techniques, the aim was to discover, document and study these quarries in a large and topographically diverse area. The source of stone for the nearby ancient temples and towns is pertinent to the analysis of building construction, repair, and sculpture in the area. The use of ERDAS Imagine allowed the classification of a Landsat satellite image in order to analyze ground coverage information and probable quarry site locations. Known quarry sites and topographic information were incorporated into the analysis in order to aid in the hypothesis of proposed locations using an Area of Interest and Alarm Mask. Following GIS analysis, ground truthing took place to evaluate known quarries and proposed quarry locations, resulting in successful findings in several areas.

%0 Generic
%A Fux, Peter
%A Sauerbier, Martin
%A Peterhans, Janine
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:490
%P 65-71
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000490
%T Documentation and interpretation of the petroglyphs of Chichictara, Palpa (Peru), using terrestrial laser scanning and image-based 3D modeling
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/490/
%X In Chichictara, southern Peru, petroglyphs cover the surface of around 150 rocks, located in a small valley. The goals of the Chichictara Project are the documentation of the petroglyphs, the dating of them and an understanding of the original social function of the site and its components. The presented research methodology is determined by two properties of petroglyphs: Firstly, they are an artificial intervention into the natural environment. That means their natural and archaeological environment must be decisively included into the interpretation. Secondly, their iconographic value is very high, which means that similarities with other archaeological findings have to be made evident. Thus, the site of Chichictara was documented in 3D by means of laser scanning and photogrammetry. The results will be included into a 3D model of the entire Palpa region and connected with a GIS database containing spatial and archaeological information – the rocks will tell us about the past.

%0 Generic
%A Gauthier, Estelle
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:556
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000556
%T Consumption and circulation of prehistoric products in Europe: characterization of spatial evolutions by using map algebra
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/556/
%X Modelling the evolution of the consumption of products in prehistory with map algebra methods brings good results. These methods are used to reconstitute the continuity of space from a distribution of points, without interpolation; to highlight the main metal consumption areas and to combine several parameters in order to understand the organization of space. The quantification of social and economic values of the archaeological discoveries distinguishes several different ways of metal consumption and different organizations of territories. Creating a protocol of analyses using various map algebra methods applied to several parameters can lead to propose models of spatial organization. Two case studies are presented from the results of a thesis dedicated to the metal consumption during the Bronze Age and some results of the research programme ArchaeDyn on the dynamics of consumption and circulation of raw materials and final products in the prehistoric Europe.

%0 Generic
%A Georges-Leroy, Murielle
%A Tolle, Florian
%A Nouvel, Pierre
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:548
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000548
%T Analysis of the intensity of agrarian exploitation by spatial analysis of ancient field systems preserved by forest cover
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/548/
%X As part of the framework for the ArchaeDyn project, this work aims to understand spatial discontinuities in ancient land use through the analysis of ancient agrarian structures preserved by forest cover in Lorraine and Burgundy, northeast France. The first step consisted of examining the intensity of landuse (the density of linear features, stone piles, and the mean length of features) and its structuring (degree of closure, shape and surface area of field parcels) indicators. The second step consisted of spatially analysing these parameters in order to identify homogeneous zones. These zones will then be compared to environmental and human factors in an attempt to understand how these field systems were established.

%0 Generic
%A Georgopoulos, Andreas
%A Ioannidis, Charalabos
%A Ioannides, Marinos
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:535
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000535
%T 3D virtual reconstructions at the service of computer assisted archaeological measurements
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/535/
%X Technological advances have enabled photogrammetric and surveying methods to produce recording materials surpassing the traditional line drawings in accuracy and completeness. These methodologies may offer products not possible in the past. This paper relates the difficult experience of collecting, archiving, processing, combining, visualizing and exploiting data from a multitude of sources to make accurate geometric records of monuments, implementing the most contemporary, innovative and technologically advanced methods. Issues analysed include collecting and processing field data from a variety of sources and their respective properties, but also the production of different end products, vector and raster, with the main emphasis on complex 3D visualizations. Different approaches are assessed for their usefulness and potential accuracy. Examples covering a variety of Greek and Cypriot monuments are presented, which are acquired from the rich experience of the archaeological surveys of the Laboratory of Photogrammetry of NTUA.

%0 Generic
%A Greco, Giovanna
%A Ferrara, Bianca
%A Cantone, Francesca
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:565
%P 418-425
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000565
%T Museo narrante: the Foce Sele Hera sanctuary virtual museum
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/565/
%X The communication of one century of archaeological research at the Foce Sele Hera Sanctuary has been the main reason for the creation of a new virtual museum, for which a name that represents a museological approach, “Museo Narrante”, i.e. the Museum that tells stories has been chosen. The museum is conceived as a museum without objects, interactive, multi-sensorial, and multi-medial. Its main issues are: i. minor sites valorization; ii. museums as territorial communication networks; iii. levels of reliability; iv. multiple interpretation. The overall intent is to give viewers evidence and argument instead of a prepackaged explanation. This paper shows how this concept guided the whole exhibition, with the realization of different tools to present to the public the stories of the Foce Sele Hera Sanctuary and the archaeological investigation of the area in a new way.

%0 Generic
%A Haciguzeller, Piraye
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:517
%P 336-341
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000517
%T Modeling human circulation in the Minoan palace at Malia
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/517/
%X This paper presents an innovative methodology based on cost analyses used to quantify human circulation and spatial configuration within the Neopalatial1 Palace at Malia, Crete. The study focuses on the Late Minoan I architectural phases of the Palace and assesses the effects of the second phase modifications on the circulation. It can be shown that during the first phase, circulation was less restricted than during the second phase. The second phase modifications altered the west entrance system and complicated the circulation pattern within the West Wing of the palace drastically.

%0 Generic
%A Hale, Alex
%A Hepher, James
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:538
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000538
%T 3D data fusion for the presentation of archaeological landscapes: a Scottish perspective
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/538/

%0 Generic
%A Huvila, Isto
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:514
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000514
%T To whom it may concern? The users and uses of digital archaeological information
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/514/
%X In order to ensure the functional, not only physical sustainability of the earlier and current archaeological information resources, a special emphasis is needed on the functional aspects of preservation. This paper reports on a study, which has explored the interface between the human patterns of information use and the methods of structuring and organizing archaeological information and knowledge. The empirical case study was based on a series of thematic interviews with archaeology professionals from the Nordic countries. The study informs future development of information systems and information services for archaeology and cultural heritage professionals. The results of the analysis shows that there are two critical success factors. Several recommendations are proposed on how to improve archaeological information work and its outcomes.

%0 Generic
%A Jansen, Michael
%A Toubekis, Georgios
%A Walther, Andreas
%A Döring-Williams, Marina
%A Mayer, Irmengard
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:531
%P 83-90
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000531
%T Laser scan measurement of the niche and virtual 3D representation of the small Buddha in Bamiyan
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/531/
%X Five years after the destruction of the Giant Buddhas in Bamiyan, the consolidation and emergency stabilization works have progressed so far that a high resolution laser scan measurement could be performed at the site of the Small Buddha in Bamiyan. The present condition of the heavily damaged Buddha niche was documented as well as the geometry and damages of the caves at the bottom back side of the niche in which the detonations took place. A 3D textured model was derived from the measurements of the niche and cliff wall and a 3D surface model of the original figure was generated from historic contour line drawings. This virtual model of the Small Buddha figure was successfully integrated into the 3D textured model obtained from the measurements on site. The result has been processed for presentation in an immersive 3D virtual environment (CAVE) at the Virtual Reality Centre at RWTH Aachen University as a communication model for ongoing activities and future actions on the site.

%0 Generic
%A Kampel, Martin
%A Zaharieva, Maia
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:494
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000494
%T Optical recognition of modern and Roman coins
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/494/
%X The recently granted EU project COINS aims to contribute substantially to the fight against illegal trade and theft of coins that appears to be a major part of the illegal antiques market. A central component of the permanent identification and traceability of coins is the underlying image recognition technology. However, currently available algorithms focus basically on the recognition of modern coins. To date, no optical recognition system for ancient coins has been successfully researched. It is a challenging task to work with medieval coins since they are – unlike modern coins – not mass manufactured. In this project, the recognition of coins will be based on new algorithms of pattern recognition and image processing, in a field – classification and identification of medieval coins – as yet unexplored. Since the project recently started, preliminary results and work already performed in this field are presented and discussed.

%0 Generic
%A Kerig, Tim
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:568
%K WirtschaftsarchäologieEconomic archaeology
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000568
%T Towards an econometrically informed archaeology: the Cologne Tableau (KöTa)
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/568/
%X Economic archaeology is currently oriented toward either ecological approaches or aspects of handicraft and exchange. The Cologne Tableau is designed to represent total economies as well as different economic sectors for comparative purposes in order to stress the macroeconomic interdependency of production, exchange, and consumption. The tableau displays every imaginable good or service, and it is based on an open monohierarchichal system that assigns positions in the table. As for the actual production, the surpluses, and the demand for goods may be given in the cells of the Tableau. For econometric analyses all the goods must be valued using the same measure of value necessary for covering the demand, regardless of whether it is an amount of money, an expenditure in kilojoules or the hours of work. The latter are used here. A case study of Early Neolithic Linear Pottery economy shows that the female labour force was most likely the key resource of the analysed economic system.

%0 Generic
%A Koepke, Nikola
%A Baten, Joerg
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:525
%P 345-352
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000525
%T Anthropometric methods and the interdisciplinary conversation between archaeology and economics
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/525/
%X In this paper we use possibilities of interdisciplinary work between archaeology and economics, focusing on the development of European living standard in terms of nutritional status in long-run perspective (1st to 18th century AD), and its determinants. We applied anthropometric methods using a data set of nearly 9500 human height measurements as proxy for mean nutritional status, and a data set of more than 2 million animal bones to measure the impact of changes in cattle production. Milk cattle husbandry, interacted with sparse population density, has had positive effects on mean height: (1) Proximity to protein production resulted in a low local shadow price of milk, as it could not be transported over distances. (2) This low price resulted in a low inequality of nutritional status; in contrast pork induced nutritional inequality, because it could be preserved and traded, thus becoming expensive and affordable only for the rich.

%0 Generic
%A Kondo, Yasuhisa
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:555
%P 353-359
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000555
%T Where did they go fishing? A multi-scalar spatial analysis of Jomon fishing activities in the Tokyo-Yokohama district,east Japan
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/555/
%X This paper examines the spatial patterns of prehistoric net fishing carried out by the Jomon hunter-gatherers in Japan. It is a case study of a multi-scalar approach using a Geographical Information System (GIS) analyzing a large archaeological dataset. In the Tokyo-Yokohama district (1500 km2 in area) of East Japan, 235 out of approximately 4000 Jomon sites have yielded a total of 3800 stone/clay sinkers, as a primary evidence of net fishing. GIS is employed for cataloguing this massive dataset and illustrating a series of sinker distribution maps in different scales – household (micro), settlement/occupation (semimicro), site-catchment (semi-macro), and regional (macro) levels. A holistic interpretation of the archaeological patterns obtained from the analytical maps provides a better understanding of the diachronic changes, local variations, and possible venues of Jomon net fishing activities.

%0 Generic
%A Korobov, Dmitry
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:515
%P 399-404
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000515
%T GIS as a tool for investigation of early Medieval climatic changes in the Kislovodsk Basin (Southern Russia)
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/515/
%X The paper details the results of using a special GIS-module to analyze climatic changes in the Kislovodsk basin. The main method is a computer simulation of micro-climatic conditions within grid cells of 500 x 500 m taking into account spatial and temporal changes in the global climate. The temperature of the Atlantic Ocean was raised in simulation by approximately 0.8 °C, leading to the climatic changes probably characteristic of this region during the Early Middle Ages. Based on this climatic model, the climate indicator variables for each site could be estimated and a hypothetical Medieval climate reconstructed for archaeological sites. Two major inhabited zones in the Kislovodsk basin were identified according to the altitude of the settlements. The chief result of this simulation is the hypothesis that in the Early Middle Ages the populated zones of the basin were suitable for agriculture apart from cattle farming.

%0 Generic
%A Lambers, Karsten
%A Remondino, Fabio
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:489
%P 27-35
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000489
%T Optical 3D measurement techniques in archaeology: recent developments and applications
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/489/
%X This paper is intended to give an overview on current surveying techniques that use remotely sensed data, and their applications in archaeology. The focus is on optical 3D measurement techniques based on image and range sensors. Data and methods are briefly reviewed, whereas data processing and related problems are only touched on in passing. For the purpose of this review we distinguish three scales of archaeological research at which the surveying techniques discussed here can be applied: (1) the regional scale, to record the topography of archaeological landscapes and to detect and map archaeological features, (2) the local scale, to record smaller sites and their architecture and excavated features, and (3) the object scale, to record artefacts and excavated finds.

%0 Generic
%A Lechterbeck, Jutta
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:557
%P 378-384
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000557
%T When the point becomes the area: multivariate and spatial analysis of pollen data
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/557/
%X Almost every agricultural activity affects vegetation; these disturbances are recorded in the palynological record of natural archives, such as lakes and mires. A great number of data sets have been elaborated in recent decades, providing detailed and excellent information about vegetation and land use history since Neolithic times. Each of these datasets, however, is restricted to a particular point in the landscape. The project introduced here collects these data in a database and processes them for further spatial analysis. The aim of the project is to develop maps for the intensity of human impact in different landscapes: A diachronous index for the intensity of human impact is derived by canonical correspondence analysis, mapped and displayed spatially. Here the first results of the project for the Rhenish Loessboerde (Western Germany) and the Lake Constance region (Southern Germany) shall be introduced.

%0 Generic
%A Lechterbeck, Jutta
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:562
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000562
%T The event horizon in landscape development: when economy makes the landscape cultural
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/562/
%X Agricultural activity is economic activity and the development of the cultural landscape can be understood as the accumulation of economic processes. A macroeconomic index derived from pollen-analytical data is presented here. The scores on the first axis of a canonical correspondence analysis are used to show the intensity of land use through time. These scores correlate with the cultural indicator curves when the vegetational development is dominated by agriculture involving grassland, arable fields and ruderal patches. In the Lake Constance area and the Rhineland, this point is first reached in the Bronze Age, when there is no primordial forest left. The cultural landscape can be seen as a capital resource and the development of the cultural landscape as capital formation. This development is an irreversible and directed process. Further research will show whether the human impact curve can serve as a long-term economic index analogous to cereal prices.

%0 Generic
%A Lieberwirth, Undine
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:484
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000484
%T 3D GIS voxel-based model building in archaeology
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/484/
%X The development of three-dimensional representations of archaeological stratigraphical units and the representation of relationships between them was described as an “illusive goal” twelve years ago (Harris/ Lock 1996). This paper takes this statement as a challenge. It describes the current technical standard of OSS GIS (Open Source Software Geographic Information Systems) which are able to create volumetric, geo-referenced models of archaeological stratigraphy. In addition, the paper demonstrates the enhanced potential for archaeological post-excavation analysis of the new software prototype in comparison to 2D GIS analysis functionality. The applied OSS offers not only free access to the software itself but also provides the basis for further software improvements, which strive towards addressing archaeological questions directly via GIS.

%0 Generic
%A McKeague, Peter
%A Jones, Rebecca
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:495
%P 186-193
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000495
%T The national database for Scotland: evolution of the digital resource
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/495/
%X RCAHMS maintains the national database and hosts the national collections of the archaeological and built heritage of Scotland, including its maritime waters. In the last twenty years, the database has evolved from a paper-based system to an Oracle database and GIS with well-established online search facilities (Canmore) and partnership applications (SWISH and PASTMAP). As RCAHMS approaches its centenary in 2008, new strategies are required not only to manage increasing volumes of information from professional organisations and amateur groups, but to engage the wider public not only through data mediation and the presentation of information already held in the database, but also by encouraging their active participation. This paper outlines current initiatives at RCAHMS to encourage data standards including the development of a Scottish thesaurus of monuments and the endorsement of the ASPIRE protocol and OASIS application. The database is also evolving to develop the Events-Monuments-Collections model.

%0 Generic
%A Mischka, Doris
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:520
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000520
%T Territorial modelling and archaeological data: how complete must the picture be?
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/520/
%X The study area in the Upper Rhine Valley, its geographical features, the archaeological record and the degree of archaeological exploration are described and a model is introduced that enables the use of incomplete and heterogeneous archaeological data. This model is based on the combination of three maps, respectively showing the environmental potential of the landscape, the degree of archaeological exploration and site density. It serves several purposes. Firstly, to determine whether the absence of sites observed in certain regions is due to a poor environmental potential for settlement and cultivation or the lack of archaeological exploration. Secondly, to detect boundaries that cannot be explained by poor environmental potential or the lack of archaeological exploration and give the archaeologist good arguments for a cultural interpretation of these boundaries. Thirdly, to produce qualified estimates of possible further sites, especially in areas with little archaeological exploration. Two case studies illustrate the detection of prehistoric boundaries and their possible interpretation.

%0 Generic
%A Mohamed Ali, Mohamed Abdelwahab
%A Burkhardt, Hans
%A el Din Khalil, Badr
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:527
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000527
%T Integration of magnetic and resistivity imaging surveys forarchaeological prospection in the southern part of Meroe City (Capital of Kush, Sudan)
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/527/
%X The current study was carried out in the southern part of the old Meroe city in Sudan. A magnetic gradient reconnaissance survey revealed the presence of fairly clear archaeological building structures, with small dipole anomalies in the magnetic image due to the presence of fired-brick buildings. 10 closely spaced (1 m) parallel resistivity imaging sections in profiles selected on the basis of magnetic results were used to confirm the magnetic anomalies and to provide complementary information about the variation of the sandstone anomalies in depth. Resistivity imaging profiles were also used to demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of combining 2D resistivity profiles in a 3D data set for inversion using a 3D resistivity inversion code. Inversion results of the 3D resistivity data set are displayed in form of horizontal slices, vertical slices and a 3D block diagram.

%0 Generic
%A Mom, Vincent
%A Paijmans, Hans
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:493
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000493
%T SECANTO: a retrieval system and classification tool for simple artefacts
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/493/
%X Secanto is a computer program that compares the shapes of artefacts like vessels, arrow points and axes by calculating dissimilarities. This comparison of objects leads into two interesting application areas: retrieval systems to obtain look-alikes of a specific object, and typologies of objects. However, just like human beings, automated classification systems are not perfect, but the type of mistakes they make are quite different, which may be one of the reasons that automatic classification systems are not so popular among archaeologists.

%0 Generic
%A Mom, Vincent
%A Vautier, Suzanne
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:499
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000499
%T CACTUS, a document management system to support the archaeological and historical research of San Juan, a plantation on Curaçao
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/499/
%X The CACTUS document management and analysis system was developed to aid the historical and archaeological research of San Juan, a plantation on Curaçao. The main task of the CACTUS system is providing access to more than 2000 digitized documents that belong to the “Letters and Papers” collection of the second Dutch West India Company roughly dating to the period 1700–1740. The advantage of the CACTUS system is that it is possible to query the documents on a very detailed level, as all occurring names of people, places and ships are indexed and searchable in several ways. In addition, a tool has been developed to detect the existence of relationships between the indexed subjects.

%0 Generic
%A Moreno Martín, Andrea
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:519
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000519
%T Using GIS to deconstruct Iberian Iron Age landscapes: the territory of Kelin between 6th–5th centuries BC (La Plana d’Utiel, València)
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/519/
%X The aim of this paper is to present a pilot study applying GIS to analyse regional processes among Iron Age societies in the Mediterranean façade of the Iberian Peninsula (Iberian Culture, 6th–1st century BC). This is the study of La Plana d’Utiel region (València, Spain), using GIS to analyse the emergence of the spatial and territorial complexity as reflection of the socio-cultural complexity of its inhabitants. GIS has provided us a powerful set of tools to study the landscape, the settlement pattern and the complex spatial relations among all our agents and objects. And most importantly, to analyse the complex process of a territory formation as the construction of places with functions and identities. This research underscores the necessity of developing a research that is holistic rather than atomistic, in order to integrate the many aspects of ancient Iberian society.

%0 Generic
%A Mucha, Hans-Joachim
%A Bartel, Hans-Georg
%A Dolata, Jens
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:522
%P 360-365
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000522
%T Finding Roman brickyards in Germania Superior by model-based cluster analysis of archaeometric data
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/522/
%X Chemical analysis of ancient ceramics and of other archaeologically important materials has been used frequently to support archaeological research. Often the dimensionality of the measurements has been high. Therefore, multivariate statistical techniques such as cluster analysis have to be applied. The aim of the present paper is to give a review of the research on bricks and tiles from Roman military brickyards in Germania Superior and to present the main results obtained by multivariate statistical analysis. In particular, new adaptive cluster analysis methods and modified model-based clustering are applied on archaeometric data (Mucha / Bartel / D olata 2002; 2003a; 2005b; in press; Bartel / D olata / M ucha 2000; 2003). The main result was the discovery of military brickyards that were not known when the project began about ten years ago. Recently, they have been discovered by the application of these multivariate statistical analysis models. Newly developed visualization methods support and facilitate the interpretation of both the data set and the results of grouping. This means archaeologists can easily identify a new finding of a Roman brick or tile by comparing its chemical fingerprint with those from the detected provenances.

%0 Generic
%A Nockemann, Guido A. W.
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:553
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000553
%T Different types of economies within the LBK settlement Erkelenz-Kückhoven
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/553/
%X Around 5300 BC the first farmers (Linear Pottery Culture) reached the Rhineland. In the region of the Aldenhovener Platte, Rhineland, a complex system of raw material exchange was proposed by A. Zimmermann (1995) in which main settlements (distributors) passed on cores, blades and final products to secondary and single farmstead settlements (receivers). With reference to the Early Neolithic settlement Erkelenz-Kückhoven, this paper sets out to demonstrate that similar processes, resembling a “receiver/distributor- settlement”-pattern, actually occurred within individual settlements. It is likely that these resulted from different social units within the settlement. The results were obtained in the course of a MA-thesis at the University of Cologne in 2005.

%0 Generic
%A Nowak, Kathrin
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:513
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000513
%T Approaching linear pottery economics – distribution and supply of amphibolite adzes
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/513/
%X The distribution and consumption of adze-blades made of amphibolite that occurred in settlements and burial sites of the Linear Pottery Culture is the main focus of this article. With this purpose in mind, two aspects were considered: the percentage of adze-blades made of amphibolite in relation to the total number of adzes-blades as well as the number of adze-blades linked to the number of households or graves. Interpolation was applied to define and highlight different areas of consumption. Additionally, a new approach for measuring the connection between settlements and burial sites is proposed. Consequently a rank correlation between the amounts of amphibolite found in both types of sites was adapted to compare the data.

%0 Generic
%A Ostir, Kristof
%A Kokalj, Žiga
%A Saligny, Laure
%A Tolle, Florian
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:551
%P 272-277
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000551
%T Confidence maps: a tool to evaluate archaeological data'srelevance in spatial analysis
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/551/
%X Inventory data used in archaeology is often incomplete and heterogeneous. In the framework of the ArchaeDyn program, a method has been proposed to evaluate heterogeneity in archaeological inventories. The purpose of this work is to create a validation tool to interpret the results. This tool is called a “confidence map” and is produced by combining representation and reliability maps. The first step consists of generating representation maps to describe the clustering of archaeological items. The second step is based on reliability maps. Data providers are asked to define and outline the level of reliability of their data. Then the representation and reliability layers are combined using map algebra. The resulting maps allow for the comparison and analysis of data confidence.

%0 Generic
%A Pecchioli, Laura
%A Mohamed, Fawzi
%A Carrozzino, Marcello
%A Leitner, Heinz
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:547
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000547
%T Method to link data in 3D environment
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/547/
%X The aim of this work is to discuss a novel method to access information through an interactive 3D model that has has a connection to places in the real world. This information can be textual (historical, artistic and architectural), photographic (textures, views, plans) and spatial (3D data). The geographical aspects introduce some complexities, but they allow a common and uniform access to the data. The proposed method links information to extended zones of the 3D space and can be used with 3D models that are not subdivided in logical zones, like meshes generated by 3D scanners. The use of an intuitive ranking function lets one find the relevant information by just “looking around”. The possibility to acquire, process and analyse geographic information without the need for installing proprietary GIS software or having deep GIS knowledge has been taken into account in this work, so as to make information more accessible to a larger audience. The method is applied on two case studies: the Napoleone Square in Lucca (Italy) and the crypt of the Cathedral of St. Servatius in Quedlinburg (Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany). In the case in Quedlinburg we wanted to integrate the data produced in the last seven years, during an important investigation and conservation program, that has used extensively GIS format as documentation tool.

%0 Generic
%A Poirier, Nicolas
%A Tolle, Florian
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:567
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000567
%T Measurements of diachronic stability of agrarian exploitation
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/567/
%X Off-site material has two main interesting properties which are that it is spatially continuous and diachronic. Such data can be used to estimate how ancient societies invested in a space in terms of intensity, durability and stability, over the long term. This micro-analysis is based on a precise record of off-site material based on collection units which never exceed five hectares. Each off-site sherd was dated and attributed to one of seven chronological phases. Three new indicators are proposed to measure the level of investment of ancient societies. The computing and mapping of these indicators was done using GIS software. The data used in this paper come mainly from a fieldwalking project conducted in a study area of Berry (Central France).

%0 Generic
%A Posluschny, Axel
%C Stuttgart
%D 2008
%E Krausse, Dirk
%F propylaeumdok:5953
%P 267-380
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005953
%T Sehen und gesehen werden. Sichtbarkeitsanalysen als Werkzeug archäologischer Forschungen
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5953/

%0 Generic
%A Posluschny, Axel
%A Herzog, Irmela
%A Lambers, Karsten
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:482
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000482
%T Preface
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/482/

%0 Generic
%A Rains, Michael
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:526
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000526
%T Silchester – a virtual research environment for archaeology
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/526/
%X The Silchester Virtual Research Environment (VRE) project was funded under stage 1 of the UK Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) Virtual Research Environments programme. The project was designed to address three particular problems experienced by archaeologists in the context of the well established Silchester Insula IX Town Life Project at the University of Reading. Each of these problems related to a perceived “bottleneck” in the flow and management of data through the life of the project from excavation to publication. The first strand of the project examined possibilities for improving initial on-site data gathering, the second examined ways of providing interoperability between the various independent IADB servers, and the third aimed to foster greater engagement and closer involvement in the project amongst the large group of project co-workers.

%0 Generic
%A Rajala, Ulla
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:491
%K Gräbertombs
%P 127-133
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000491
%T Visualising archaic tombs and their postdepositional histories: the 3D modelling of the tombs from Cisterna Grande, Crustumerium (Rome, Italy)
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/491/
%X The Remembering the Dead project has been carrying out excavations in the Archaic cemetery of Cisterna Grande, Crustumerium (Rome, Italy) since 2004. The main aim of this project is to study virtual representations of a pre-Roman community. Methodologically, the project uses standard single context recording and most planning is done with a total station. All hand-drawn plans are transformed into a digital format. This integrated data is then used to build 3D models. The local volcanic geology and the continuing agricultural use of the area have resulted in the partial or total collapse of many of the tombs. The potential of virtual models to present these tombs and their postdepositional histories is discussed together with the pros and cons of using AutoCad, ArcGIS, 3D Studio Max, Bryce and Unreal Editor. Some examples of the ongoing modelling are presented.

%0 Generic
%A Redö, Ferenc
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:558
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000558
%T The regularities of coin accumulation and coin circulation based on settlement materials in Pannonia
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/558/
%X Hoards are snapshots of coin circulation at the time of their burial. The histogram, which shows the frequency of these coins according to the minting date, captures certain regularities of the accumulation. We turn to the experience gained from the examination of hoards when we want to characterize the coin circulation of a whole settlement through the centuries. Based on these results we have examined settlement materials in connection with the West-Pannonian municipium of Salla. When studying the coin circulation of this town we have taken into consideration the quantity of coins, the estimated life-time that the coin spends in circulation, and the date of minting which is usually a shorter or longer interval and rarely an exact year on the graph. Where each coin has the same weight, we get the yearly frequency of coins in circulation. The frequency graphs offer a possibility to characterize and compare different towns and areas historically.

%0 Generic
%A Rodier, Xavier
%A Saligny, Laure
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:498
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000498
%T Social features, spatial features and temporal features: an urban archaeological data model
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/498/
%X The use of GIS to study the spatial evolution of pre-industrial cities over the “longue durée” requires rigorous formalisation of heterogeneous data from different sources into robust entities. An initial model using the HBDS (Hypergraph Based Data Structure) method enabled us to distinguish social and spatial features. In this paper, we develop a specific model for the temporal dimension. The definition of urban objects using social, spatial and temporal features enhances the study of urban dynamics and of change over the “longue durée”.

%0 Generic
%A Sarris, Apostolos
%A Papadopoulos, Nikos
%A Trigkas, Vasilis
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:486
%P 11-16
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000486
%T Recovering the urban network of ancient Sikyon through multi-component geophysical approaches
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/486/
%X A suite of different geophysical techniques was applied in the course of multidisciplinary research conducted within the framework of the Sikyon survey project, whose goal is the study of the landscape and human activity on the plateau of ancient Sikyon (NE Peloponnese). During the first 3 years of the geophysical campaign, more than 60,000 m2 of the city centre were covered using magnetic measurements,electrical resistivity mapping and tomography techniques, and ground penetrating radar. Controlled experiments covering large sections of the site using different methods and instrumentation allowed the evaluation of these methods’ effectiveness in detecting and mapping the subsurface targets and improved representation of the lateral and stratigraphic extent of the architectural remnants. Already a number of architectural features and even whole structures have been identified and mapped, starting to reveal the urban network of the ancient city and its diachronic phases.

%0 Generic
%A Sarris, Apostolos
%A Trigkas, Vasilis
%A Papadakis, Giorgos
%A Papazoglou, Michalis
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:541
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000541
%T A web-GIS approach to cultural resources management in Crete: the digital archaeological atlas of Crete
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/541/
%X The Digital Archaeological Atlas of Crete, part of a larger campaign (Digital Crete: Mediterranean Itineraries), was implemented under the framework of the Greek Operational Program “Information Society”, part of the “eEurope” initiative of the European Union which is funded by the 3rd European Community Support Framework. A program module was constructed in order to create a database warehouse for cultural heritage sites on the island of Crete in the South Aegean Sea. A combination of internet-accessible databases, web-GIS techniques and multimedia, provides for the integrated and wide dissemination of cultural information, while contributing to a better understanding of the cultural environment and the influence of the natural environment on the history of the settlement of Crete.

%0 Generic
%A Siart, Christoph
%A Eitel, Bernhard
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:566
%P 299-305
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000566
%T Geoarchaeological studies in central Crete based on remote sensing and GIS
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/566/
%X Areal analysis in geoarchaeological applications can be improved by implementing a wider set of geoecological parameters in order to provide more precise results. The aim of the paper is to show how geoscientific ground-truth and techniques can be used for detailed archaeological studies using a comprehensive set of environmental variables that might have influenced ancient settlement patterns. The project focuses on spatial patterns of archaeological sites, as well as Bronze Age communication paths in Central Crete by using a multi-methodical approach (surveying, Remote Sensing, DEM-analysis, least-cost analysis, candidate site detection, predictive modelling, etc.). In contrast to conventional archaeological GIS applications this enhanced strategy offers promising prospects regarding landscape and settlement modelling.

%0 Generic
%A Šmejda, Ladislav
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:544
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000544
%T Expanding scales in GIS analysis
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/544/
%X I propose to argue that the widely perceived opposition between a “site scale” and “regional scale” in GIS analysis is not an optimal classification in archaeological practice. While stressing the importance of the conceptual separation of terms describing the dead and the living cultures I will suggest that projects should be approached in accordance to their theoretical background rather than their geographical extent. Since archaeological data is usually severely biased in diverse aspects, new analytical “scales” will be introduced into the debate, which allow to address questions previously inaccessible in GIS analysis. This approach is based on descriptive databases viewed as multi-dimensional spaces, regardless of the presence or absence of geographic coordinates. This paper concludes that useful GIS outputs need not look like decorative maps of the physical landscape, or distribution maps of finds, but that they can also present formalized abstract models built by the framework of a newly-coined term “fact space”.

%0 Generic
%A Stobbe, Astrid
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:563
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000563
%T Palynological and archaeological data – a comparative approach
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/563/
%X The 600 km2 of the basin of the Wetterau, part of the “Rhein-Main-Tiefland” in the federal state of Hesse in Germany, is an archaeologically intensively investigated landscape. Numerous precisely dated palynological studies are available, and so a direct comparison of archaeological and palynological results is possible. The vegetation history, as recorded in four pollen diagrams, will be discussed in relationship with the archaeological data known from a radius of 1, 3 and 5 km around each of the sites from which pollen was taken. The aim of the study is to investigate in which cases the established vegetation changes can be directly linked to the archaeological record. Furthermore, possible causes will be investigated.

%0 Generic
%A Stöger, Hanna
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:516
%P 322-327
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000516
%T Roman Ostia: space syntax and the domestication of space
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/516/
%X Ostia, Rome’s harbour city, offers one of the few archaeological sites where the full complexity of Roman urban life can be investigated. Despite wide-ranging scholarly interest in Ostia’s built environment, the city’s spatial organisation has not previously received much attention. This study focuses on one of Ostia’s city-blocks, Insula IV ii, analysing the insula’s spatial configuration, its inner communication via the courtyards, as well as the insula’s integration and interaction with the exterior, the city’s street network. By applying Space Syntax’s analytical tools (UCL Depthmap software for spatial analysis) this paper highlights some of the spatial and visual patterns possibly experienced by its inhabitants and visitors.

%0 Generic
%A Trebeleva, Galina
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:543
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000543
%T The organization of Taman's defense from the mid 1st century BC to the turn of the 2nd century AD: a historical simulation based on GIS technologies
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/543/
%X One of the main priorities of modern archaeology is not just a study of specific sites, but the study of them in the context of the natural and historical landscape. To solve this problem it is very convenient to use geoinformational systems (GIS) technologies which are understood as integration of actual electronic databases (text, digital, etc.) and geoimages. We have a great number of sources regarding the defense of the Bosporian Kingdom in the Roman time. These include epigraphy, antique literary heritage and archeological data. The latter is the main source of the research. In this work spatial analysis modules from the following programs of Arc Map 8.3 were used: Spatial Analyst, 3-D Analyst, Geostatistical Analyst.

%0 Generic
%A Uleberg, Espen
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:549
%P 266-271
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000549
%T Scale dependent patterns in large museum datasets
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/549/
%X The large dataset made available by the Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo, is used to present broad patterns in the geographic distribution of all Stone Age finds from the museum. A set of metadata is introduced to describe the precision and accuracy of the geographic information. To incorporate most of the finds, the first presentation is done at the level of municipality. In a second analysis, only finds with more precise location are used, and Mesolithic/Early Neolithic and Late Neolithic sites are separated. This shows that a change in the distribution pattern from these large museum databases can be good starting points for analyses, a place to get new ideas and to see whether a hypothesis might be worth pursuing.

%0 Generic
%A Ullrich, Burkart
%A Günther, Thomas
%A Rücker, Carsten
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:488
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000488
%T Electrical resistivity tomography methods for archaeological prospection
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/488/
%X Two advanced applications of electrical resistivity methods in archaeological prospecting are presented. The approach is based on new inversion techniques, which enable the modelling of the resistivity distribution below any arbitrary topography. The results of 2D and 3D electrical resistivity measurements on Tell Jenderes in Northern Syria show images of subsurface resistivity structures, which were not detectable by geomagnetics or GPR methods. The interpreted resistivity structures are related to different settlement phases from the Bronze Age to the Hellenistic period. The new 3D-inversion technique is also useful for data sets of complex resistivity. An example, from a slag heap in Morocco, presents the parameter distribution of a 3D-complex resistivity model deriving from Induced Polarisation (IP) measurements.

%0 Generic
%A Verhagen, Philip
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:523
%P 285-291
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000523
%T Testing archaeological predictive models: a rough guide
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/523/
%X Archaeological predictive modelling is an essential instrument for archaeological heritage management in the Netherlands. It is used to decide where to do archaeological survey in the case of development plans. However, very little attention is paid to testing the predictions made. Model quality is established by means of peer review, rather than by quantitative criteria. In this paper the main issues involved with predictive model testing are discussed. The potential of resampling methods for improved predictive model quality is investigated, and the problems associated with obtaining representative test data sets are highlighted.

%0 Generic
%A Vodolazhskaya, Larisa
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:564
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000564
%T Reconstruction of Heron's formulas for calculating the volume of vessels
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/564/
%X Heron’s formulas for “pithoid” and “spheroid” pithos, as formulas of volume of the truncated paraboloid and 3/4 of ellipsoid of revolution, have been reconstructed in the present study. Research has proven that the ovoid body of Roman narrow-necked light-clay D-type amphorae is a special case of “pithoid”. With the help of geometrical approximation by conic sections of the profile of these amphorae, it is shown that in antiquity there really were amphorae projected on the basis of conic sections. Their volumes could be calculated with the help of ancient mathematical formulas. The results obtained testify to the influence of antique mathematics on morphology and technology of amphorae design. Formulas for the volume of simple solids of revolution defined by conic sections can be applied in modern calculations of volumes of some types of antique amphorae and in reconstructing their profiles.

%0 Generic
%A Whitley, Thomas G.
%A Burns, Gwendolyn
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:546
%P 292-298
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000546
%T Conditional GIS surfaces and their potential for archaeological predictive modelling
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/546/
%X Conditional GIS surfaces are well known in archaeological applications. Perhaps the most familiar of these are visibility analyses and friction layers (the basis of cost distance evaluations). Archaeological studies however tend to limit the use of such surfaces to purely environmental variables with little explanatory or analytical power. Friction, for example, is usually constructed entirely from a generated slope surface, occasionally with the addition of some physical barriers (such as waterways or perhaps vegetation differences). There are as well, a multitude of potential “conditions” to place upon spatial parameters which include strongly cultural ideas about knowledge, perception, familiarity, territoriality, risk, and other kinds of cognitive behaviours. Here we explore the kinds of “conditions” which could provide a great deal of explanatory or analytical understanding to our GIS archaeological applications, to categorize them into a meaningful framework, and to provide examples from a recent predictive model of how such surfaces can be applied.

%0 Generic
%A Zakšek, Klemen
%A Fovet, Elise
%A Nuninger, Laure
%A Podobnikar, Tomaž
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:578
%P 309-315
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000578
%T Path modelling and settlement pattern
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/578/
%X This paper describes the contribution of path modelling to the ancient settlement pattern study over the long term. The path modelling methodology is a stimulating tool, which is complementary to the hierarchical approaches in the landscape archaeology since it contributes to the understanding of the spatial relation between archaeological sites. The existing methodology was enhanced by enlarging the set of path reconstitution parameters (visibility) and by modelling in two scales. The proposed model is based on parameters derived merely from the relief because its changes should be insignificant even over a long period time.

%0 Generic
%A Zimmermann, Norbert
%A Eßer, Gerold
%C Bonn
%D 2008
%E Posluschny, A.
%E Lambers, K.
%E Herzog, I.
%F propylaeumdok:530
%P 58-64
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00000530
%T Showing the invisible – documentation and research on the Roman Domitilla catacomb, based on image laser scanning and 3D modelling
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/530/
%X The possibilities offered by new technologies do not automatically substitute for traditional techniques. Particularly in the collaboration between humanities and natural sciences, not all that is technically possible is also helpful for a study. In this paper, an archaeological project is presented that connects both solid basic research and the newest technologies, offering a new way of perceiving historical space by creating three-dimensional virtual reality models. An overview of the technical aspects of the first year of the Domitilla project is presented: the first part introduces the catacomb, previous studies and the present research concept, whilst the second part reports on the strategy and the initial results of the documentation.

%0 Generic
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 2005
%F propylaeumdok:5949
%P 203-204
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005949
%T Jiří Macháček, Sídlištní aglomerace v Lesní školce : digitální katalog archeologických pramenů; (Die Siedlungskonzentration bei der Waldbaumschule, digitaler Katalog der archäologischen Quellen.)
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5949/
%V 28

%0 Generic
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 2005
%F propylaeumdok:5950
%N 1
%P 168-173
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005950
%T Jutta Klug-Treppe, Hallstattzeitliche Höhensiedlungen im Breisgau
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5950/
%V 83

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 2003
%F propylaeumdok:6196
%J Archäologisches Nachrichtenblatt
%N 1
%P 67-69
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006196
%T Die hallstattzeitliche Besiedlung im Maindreieck - GIS-gestützte Fundstellenanalysen
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6196/
%V 8

%0 Generic
%A Posluschny, Axel
%C Universitätsbibliothek Marburg - Publikationsserver
%D 2002
%F propylaeumdok:6216
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006216
%T Die hallstattzeitliche Besiedlung im Maindreieck - GIS-gestützte Fundstellenanalysen -
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6216/

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 2000
%F propylaeumdok:6229
%J Archäologisches Nachrichtenblatt
%N 4
%P 433-436
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006229
%T Bericht über den Workshop „Archäologie und Computer” vom 11. bis 12. November 1999 in Wien
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6229/
%V 5

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 2000
%F propylaeumdok:6279
%J Archäologie in Deutschland
%N 1
%P 70
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006279
%T Computing archaeology for understanding the past
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6279/
%V 16

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 1999
%F propylaeumdok:6192
%J Archäologie und Computer
%P 58-65
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006192
%T Die hallstattzeitliche Besiedlung im Maindreieck. Vortrag
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6192/
%V 4

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 1999
%F propylaeumdok:6190
%J Archäologie und Computer
%P 50-57
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006190
%T Einfache GIS-Analysen zur hallstattzeitlichen Besiedlung im Maindreieck
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6190/
%V 4

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 1997
%F propylaeumdok:6280
%J Bayerische Vorgeschichtsblätter
%P 29-113
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006280
%T Die hallstattzeitliche Siedlung auf dem Kapellenberg bei Marktbreit, Unterfranken
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6280/
%V 62

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 1995
%F propylaeumdok:5952
%J Archäologische Informationen
%N 2
%P 277-279
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005952
%T Die hallstattzeitliche Siedlung auf dem Kapellenberg bei Marktbreit
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5952/
%V 18

%0 Generic
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 1995
%F propylaeumdok:5951
%N 2
%P 269-271
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005951
%T Stefan Gerlach: Der Eiersberg. Eine Höhensiedlung der vorrömischen Eisenzeit und ihre Stellung in der Siedlungslandschaft zwischen Rhön und Thüringer Wald
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5951/
%V 18

%0 Journal Article
%A Posluschny, Axel
%D 1992
%F propylaeumdok:6248
%J Das archäologische Jahr in Bayern 1992
%P 83-84
%R 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00006248
%T Eine Siedlung der Späthallstattzeit auf dem Kapellenberg bei Marktbreit
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/6248/