eprintid: 5325
rev_number: 21
eprint_status: archive
userid: 3
dir: disk0/00/00/53/25
datestamp: 2022-04-26 10:17:59
lastmod: 2022-04-27 07:30:29
status_changed: 2022-04-26 10:17:59
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Buckley, Stephen
creators_name: Power, Robert C.
creators_name: Andreadaki‑Vlazaki, Maria
creators_name: Akar, Murat
creators_name: Becher, Becher
creators_name: Belser, Matthias
creators_name: Cafisso, Sara
creators_name: Eisenmann, Stefanie
creators_name: Fletcher, Joann
creators_name: Francken, Michael
creators_name: Hallager, Birgitta
creators_name: Harvati, Katerina
creators_name: Ingman, Tara
creators_name: Kataki, Efthymia
creators_name: Maran, Joseph
creators_name: Martin, Mario A. S.
creators_name: McGeorge, Photini J. P.
creators_name: Milevski, Ianir
creators_name: Papadimitriou, Alkestis
creators_name: Protopapadaki, Eftychia
creators_name: Salazar‑García, Domingo C.
creators_name: Schmidt‑Schultz, Tyede
creators_name: Schuenemann, Verena J.
creators_name: Shafiq, Rula
creators_name: Stuijts, Ingelise
creators_name: Yegorov, Dmitry
creators_name: Yener, K. Aslιhan
creators_name: Schultz, Michael
creators_name: Spiteri, Cynthianne
creators_name: Stockhammer, Philipp W.
title: Archaeometric evidence for the earliest exploitation of lignite from the bronze age Eastern Mediterranean
subjects: 930
divisions: 209
cterms_swd: Ägäis
cterms_swd: Braunkohle
cterms_swd: Bronzezeit
abstract: This paper presents the earliest evidence for the exploitation of lignite (brown coal) in Europe and sheds new  light on the use of combustion fuel sources in the 2nd millennium BCE Eastern Mediterranean. We applied Thermal Desorption/Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Polarizing Microscopy to the dental calculus of 67 individuals and we identified clear evidence for combustion markers embedded within this calculus. In contrast to the scant evidence for combustion markers within the calculus samples from Egypt, all other individuals show the inhalation of smoke from fires burning wood identified as Pinaceae, in addition to hardwood, such as oak and olive, and/or dung. Importantly, individuals from the Palatial Period at the Mycenaean citadel of Tiryns and the Cretan harbour site of Chania also show the inhalation of fire-smoke from lignite, consistent with the chemical signature of sources in the northwestern Peloponnese and Western Crete  respectively. This first evidence for lignite exploitation was likely connected to and at the same time enabled Late Bronze Age Aegean metal and pottery production, significantly by both male and female individuals.
date: 2021
id_scheme: DOI
id_number: 10.11588/propylaeumdok.00005325
ppn_swb: 1800354223
own_urn: urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-propylaeumdok-53258
language: eng
bibsort: BUCKLEYSTEARCHAEOMET2021
full_text_status: public
publication: Scientific Reports
volume: 11
themen: T930.15
faecher: FVFG
oa_type: green
laender: R939
laender: R938
citation:   Buckley, Stephen ; Power, Robert C. ; Andreadaki‑Vlazaki, Maria ; Akar, Murat ; Becher, Becher ; Belser, Matthias ; Cafisso, Sara ; Eisenmann, Stefanie ; Fletcher, Joann ; Francken, Michael ; Hallager, Birgitta ; Harvati, Katerina ; Ingman, Tara ; Kataki, Efthymia ; Maran, Joseph ; Martin, Mario A. S. ; McGeorge, Photini J. P. ; Milevski, Ianir ; Papadimitriou, Alkestis ; Protopapadaki, Eftychia ; Salazar‑García, Domingo C. ; Schmidt‑Schultz, Tyede ; Schuenemann, Verena J. ; Shafiq, Rula ; Stuijts, Ingelise ; Yegorov, Dmitry ; Yener, K. Aslιhan ; Schultz, Michael ; Spiteri, Cynthianne ; Stockhammer, Philipp W.  (2021) Archaeometric evidence for the earliest exploitation of lignite from the bronze age Eastern Mediterranean.   In:  Scientific Reports, 11 (2021),        
document_url: https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/5325/1/Buckley_et_al_Archaeometric_evidence_lignite_2021.pdf