%0 Generic
%A Tröndle, Tobias Wolfgang
%D 2015
%F heidok:18295
%K Energy Storage, Renewable Energy, Wind Power, Solar Power
%R 10.11588/heidok.00018295
%T Development of a global electricity supply model and investigation of electricity supply by renewable energies with a focus on energy storage requirements for Europe
%U https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/18295/
%X Electricity supply at present requires about 38% of the global primary energy demand and it is likely to rise further in the coming decades. Facing major problems, such as limited resources of fuels and an ongoing anthropogenic climate change, a sustainable electricity supply based on renewable energies is absolutely vital. Wind and solar power will play an extensive role in future supplies but require energy storage capacities to meet electricity demand.  To investigate the relationship of power plant mix and required energy storage capacity, a computer model based on global weather data has been developed to enable the simulation of electricity supply scenarios by up to ten different power plant types for various regions.    The focus of the investigation has been on the energy storage requirements of an electricity supply for Europe by wind and solar power. The minimum required energy storage capacity for a totally weather dependent electricity supply occurs at a ratio of 30% wind and 70% photovoltaic (PV) power plant capacity installed. Thus, the required energy storage capacity rises from a transition of to-day's electricity supply to the afore-mentioned 100% renewable wind and PV scenario exponentially to about 150 TWh (3.8% of the annual electricity demand).  The installation of additional excess wind and PV power plant capacity was seen to be an efficient way to reduce the required energy storage. Already 10% excess capacity lead to a reduction by 50% of the required storage capacity.  To use different storage technologies in an optimised way in terms of storage capacity and efficiency, the storage tasks can be separated into a daily and a seasonal usage. While the seasonal storage capacity has to be about two orders of magnitude larger than the required capacity of the storage for the daily cycle, the sum of stored energy during one year is almost equal for the long and short time storage.    In summary, an electricity supply by wind and PV power was shown to be completely feasible regarding the required energy storage capacity together with the required land area for power plants, and with electricity generating costs of 0.09 EUR to 0.18 EUR per kWh depending on the power plant mix, excess capacity, and storage investment costs.