eprintid: 26829
rev_number: 13
eprint_status: archive
userid: 1589
dir: disk0/00/02/68/29
datestamp: 2019-08-15 08:24:27
lastmod: 2019-09-22 01:14:03
status_changed: 2019-08-15 08:24:27
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Weber, Dorothea
creators_name: Uhlmann, Lorenz
creators_name: Schönenberger, Silvia
creators_name: Kieser, Meinhard
title: Adaptive propensity score procedure improves matching in prospective observational trials
subjects: ddc-610
divisions: i-911100
divisions: i-911800
keywords: Adaptive design, Clinical Trials, Sample size recalculation, Matched cohort, Prospective matching
abstract: Background: Randomized controlled trials are the gold-standard for clinical trials. However, randomization is not always feasible. In this article we propose a prospective and adaptive matched case-control trial design assuming that a control group already exists.

Methods: We propose and discuss an interim analysis step to estimate the matching rate using a resampling step followed by a sample size recalculation. The sample size recalculation is based on the observed mean resampling matching rate. We applied our approach in a simulation study and to a real data set to evaluate the characteristics of the proposed design and to compare the results to a naive approach.

Results: The proposed design achieves at least 10% higher matching rate than the naive approach at final analysis, thus providing a better estimation of the true matching rate. A good choice for the interim analysis seems to be a fraction of around 1/2 to 2/3 of the control patients.

Conclusion: The proposed resampling step in a prospective matched case-control trial design leads to an improved estimate of the final matching rate and, thus, to a gain in power of the approach due to sensible sample size recalculation.
date: 2019
publisher: BioMed Central ; Springer
id_scheme: DOI
ppn_swb: 1672126622
own_urn: urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-heidok-268295
language: eng
bibsort: WEBERDOROTADAPTIVEPR2019
full_text_status: public
publication: BMC Medical Research Methodology
volume: 19
number: 150
place_of_pub: London ; Berlin, Heidelberg
pagerange: 1-11
issn: 1471-2288
citation:   Weber, Dorothea ; Uhlmann, Lorenz ; Schönenberger, Silvia ; Kieser, Meinhard  (2019) Adaptive propensity score procedure improves matching in prospective observational trials.  BMC Medical Research Methodology, 19 (150).  pp. 1-11.  ISSN 1471-2288     
document_url: https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/26829/1/12874_2019_Article_763.pdf