<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . <> . . "Interpersonal problems in Borderline Personality Disorder: Antecedents, manifestations, and consequences"^^ . "Individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) suffer from interpersonal problems, such as\r\nfrequent conflicts, low levels of relationship satisfaction, and high levels of loneliness. Interpersonal\r\nproblems in BPD are pervasive and create both a personal and societal burden (e.g. through health\r\ncare costs and productivity losses). Previous empirical studies suggest that impaired social cognitive\r\nprocesses, an inability to maintain interpersonal cooperation, and functional neurological alterations\r\nmay underlie these problems. Theories of BPD, such as the Biosocial Model, further emphasize the\r\ninterplay between interpersonal problems and affective instability, both of which represent core\r\nsymptoms of the disorder. Specifically, theories of BPD suggest that negative affect can be both an\r\nantecedent and a consequence of interpersonal problems.\r\nWithin this thesis, I conducted two studies to test whether this proposed association holds in the daily\r\nlives of individuals with BPD. For this purpose, I utilized Ambulatory Assessment, a method of\r\ncollecting data in real-life and near real-time via handheld devices such as smartphones. I specifically\r\nassessed perceived rejection and disagreement events as manifestations of interpersonal problems.\r\nFor study 1, I recruited 80 participants with BPD and a clinical control group of 51 participants with\r\ndepression of dysthymia. Participants were in the study for 28 days and provided data through a\r\nhandheld device at 6 random time-points throughout the day. At each time-point, participants reported\r\nwhether they had experienced a rejection or disagreement event since last prompted and rated their\r\nlevel of negative affect, specifically hostility, sadness, and fear. Using multivariate multi-level\r\nmodeling, I analyzed the concurrent momentary relationship between interpersonal problems and\r\nnegative affect. Results showed that the rejection-hostility, rejection-sadness, and disagreementhostility associations were significantly stronger in the BPD than in the depressed control group.\r\nIn an effort to determine the replicability and thus robustness of these findings and to further detail a\r\npotential specificity for the BPD population, I attempted replication of these findings in a second study.\r\nI again recruited a group of participants with BPD (n = 56) and this time included a control group of\r\nindividuals from the community with alcohol use (n = 60). The study ran for 21 days with 6 random\r\ndaily assessments of interpersonal problems and negative affect. Replicating findings from study 1 ,\r\nthe rejection-hostility, rejection-sadness, and disagreement-hostility associations were again\r\nsignificantly stronger in the BPD group. Additionally, study 2 extended the first study by including timelagged analyses. That is, I modelled whether interpersonal problems also predict later levels of\r\nnegative affect (i.e. on average 2 hours later). Results from the lagged analyses revealed that\r\nrejection was associated with subsequent hostility and with subsequent sadness more strongly in the\r\nBPD group, as was disagreement with subsequent hostility and fear. Overall, the results from these\r\ntwo studies suggest that interpersonal problems and negative affect may be associated in a mutually\r\nreinforcing way (a ‘vicious cycle’) in the daily lives of those with BPD. Future studies could extend\r\nthese results to further types of negative affect and a broader range of interpersonal problems. They\r\ncould also consider a potential protective role of positive events and affect. With regard to clinical\r\npractice, the results suggest a need for teaching emotion regulation strategies that are applicable in\r\ninterpersonal contexts and a potential benefit of identifying specific interpersonal events as typical\r\ntriggers for negative affect.\r\nIn addition to these two daily life studies, I conducted a third study in which I shifted the focus away\r\nfrom assessing intrapersonal processes of the BPD individual. I posited that interpersonal problems in\r\nBPD are not only affected by the BPD individuals themselves but also by their interaction partners.\r\nHowever, processes pertaining to interaction partners have rarely been addressed empirically. In\r\norder to fill this gap, I assessed how participants evaluate those with BPD in a first-impression type\r\nsituation using the ‘Thin Slices’ paradigm. I reasoned that if participants evaluated those with BPD in a\r\nsystematically negative way, this could contribute to the lack of social bonds and high rates of\r\ninterpersonal problems. I created a video set of 26 target participants with BPD and 26 healthy control\r\nparticipants who briefly speak about their personal preferences during the video. Next, these videos\r\nwere shown to two student rater samples, who evaluated targets on the dimensions likeability,\r\ntrustworthiness, and cooperativeness. Regarding cooperativeness, we specifically asked raters to\r\nestimate how much money targets had shared in an economic game (‘dictator game’). We collected\r\nactual dictator game contributions from all targets and these did not differ between the groups. Sample\r\n1 saw the videos with audio and sample 2 without audio, so that raters in this sample had to rely solely\r\non visual information. Notably, raters did not have any further information about the targets, including\r\nthat some of them had BPD. Results showed that raters evaluated BPD targets as less likeable and\r\nless trustworthy in both samples and in the second sample also as less cooperative (in the absence of\r\nan actual difference in cooperative behavior between the target groups). I concluded that raters must\r\nhave relied on visual cues to form their evaluations of the presented targets. Based on empirical\r\nfindings from social and personality psychology, I discussed facial affect display as a likely cue for\r\nlikeability, trustworthiness, and cooperativeness. Since previous empirical studies have shown that\r\nindividuals with BPD tend to show little positive and frequent negative facial affect, it is possible that\r\nBPD targets in this sample did so, too, and that raters have used this to inform their judgments. Future\r\nstudies are needed to determine whether facial affect is indeed the mediating cue in this relationship\r\nand whether this effect has any specificity for the BPD population by including clinical control groups.\r\nIf this is the case, individuals with BPD (and other types of psychopathology) might greatly benefit\r\nfrom interventions tailored towards increasing positive affect display and overall impression\r\nmanagement."^^ . "2019" . . . . . . . "Johanna"^^ . "Hepp"^^ . "Johanna Hepp"^^ . . . . . . "Interpersonal problems in Borderline Personality Disorder: Antecedents, manifestations, and consequences (PDF)"^^ . . . "Dissertation_Johanna_Hepp.pdf"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27259 \n\nInterpersonal problems in Borderline Personality Disorder: Antecedents, manifestations, and consequences\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "150 Psychologie"@de . "150 Psychology"@en . .