eprintid: 35488
rev_number: 16
eprint_status: archive
userid: 8483
dir: disk0/00/03/54/88
datestamp: 2024-11-21 10:10:23
lastmod: 2025-01-28 15:11:40
status_changed: 2024-11-21 10:10:23
type: doctoralThesis
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Collonge, Marin
title: Study and application of incremental digital integration: a novel X-ray detector readout for synchrotron applications
subjects: ddc-530
subjects: ddc-620
divisions: i-160001
adv_faculty: af-19
abstract: Cutting-edge synchrotron radiation sources like the ESRF-EBS have significantly enhanced X-ray beam capabilities, generating photon fluxes surpassing previous-generation sources by up to three orders of magnitude. This poses a challenge in detector science, as current state-of-the-art photon-counting hybrid pixel detectors cannot sustain such elevated fluxes. Addressing this, the XIDer project, a collaboration between the ESRF and Heidelberg University, is developing a novel detector with improved readout electronics and sensor material.
High-density compound semiconductor materials, particularly CdTe and CdZnTe, are selected as suitable materials for detecting X-rays in the 30-100 keV energy range, despite their non-idealities. XIDer employs a novel versatile readout concept, incremental digital integration, enabling a high dynamic range and reduced sensitivity to sensor leakage variations.

In this thesis, the performance of a digitally integrating detector with a 1-mm thick Cd(Zn)Te sensor is assessed with Monte-Carlo simulations. Results indicate functional equivalence to photon-counting at low fluxes, with energy-dependent readout losses, and equivalence to lossless conventional charge integration at very high fluxes. 

The successful implementation of incremental digital integration in two stages, driven by a charge removal concept, is demonstrated experimentally on the fourth generation of XIDer prototypes, featuring a 16-pixel Cd(Zn)Te sensor and a custom-designed readout ASIC. A calibration procedure is presented and assessed. Selected XIDer assemblies are characterised with reference to the target requirements. Electronic noise measurements validate single-photon resolution, and characterisation under 30 keV synchrotron X-rays demonstrate the detector linearity. A maximum detectable flux of 680 Mcps/pixel is achieved. The flux-induced leakage current in Cd(Zn)Te sensors, characterised using X-rays and a pulsed LED, is observed to be significant and will require further investigation for optimal detector performance.

The XIDer collaboration marks good progress in addressing the challenges posed by upgraded synchrotron sources, with most parameters approaching their targets, and showcasing advancements in sensor materials and readout schemes for next-generation X-ray detectors.
date: 2024
id_scheme: DOI
id_number: 10.11588/heidok.00035488
ppn_swb: 1909352667
own_urn: urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-heidok-354888
date_accepted: 2024-07-12
advisor: HASH(0x5565eed14698)
language: eng
bibsort: COLLONGEMASTUDYANDAP
full_text_status: public
place_of_pub: Heidelberg
citation:   Collonge, Marin  (2024) Study and application of incremental digital integration: a novel X-ray detector readout for synchrotron applications.  [Dissertation]     
document_url: https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/35488/1/collonge_marin_komplett.pdf