eprintid: 35710
rev_number: 16
eprint_status: archive
userid: 8604
dir: disk0/00/03/57/10
datestamp: 2025-01-16 13:25:08
lastmod: 2025-01-20 14:50:15
status_changed: 2025-01-16 13:25:08
type: bookPart
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Muhammad, Salman
creators_name: Raza, Marzia
title: A Frozen Democratic Transition: Pakistan's Hybrid Regime and Weak Party System
subjects: ddc-320
divisions: i-180500
cterms_swd: South Asia
cterms_swd: civil-military relations
cterms_swd: Pakistan
cterms_swd: hybrid regime
cterms_swd: party-system institutionalization
cterms_swd: post-2008 Pakistan
abstract: Multiple factors stand in the way of constitutional and democratic consolidation in Pakistan. The focus of this chapter is on the country's weak system of party politics. Several regimes like Pakistan, which adopted electoral politics in the post-third wave of democratization, are often referred to as 'hybrid regimes', where the elements of both liberal democracy and authoritarianism coexist. After the restoration of democracy in 1988, Pakistan's weak yet competitive multi-party system became overshadowed by the predominance of the military in foreign and security policies. Poorly organised political parties and a weakly institutionalised party system enable military interference in politics. On the one hand, constitutional changes enacted by military regimes continue to determine inter-party interaction both within and outside Parliament. On the other hand, legislation sanctioning military involvement in politics has been enacted by recent democratic governments with full support from opposition parties. In this study, we focus on weaknesses in the institutionalisation of the party system. We employ a framework that combines the concept of party system institutionalisation with the two-dimensional typology of hybrid regimes to explain weak democratisation in Pakistan.
date: 2023
publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
id_scheme: DOI
id_number: 10.11588/heidok.00035710
ppn_swb: 1915159970
own_urn: urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-heidok-357108
language: eng
bibsort: MUHAMMADSAAFROZENDEM20230601
full_text_status: public
place_of_pub: London
pagerange: 369-396
isbn: 9781509948857
book_title: Constitutional Resilience in South Asia
editors_name: Jhaveri, Swati
editors_name: Khaitan, Tarunabh
editors_name: Samararatne, Dinesha
citation:   Muhammad, Salman ; Raza, Marzia  (2023) A Frozen Democratic Transition: Pakistan's Hybrid Regime and Weak Party System.  [Book Section]     
document_url: https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/35710/7/Salman_Raza_Frozen_Democratic_Transition_2023.pdf