TY  - GEN
Y1  - 2005///
KW  - Bose Einstein Kondensat 
KW  -  nichtlinear 
KW  -  Materiewellendynamik 
KW  -  Atomoptic 
KW  -  Rb 
KW  -  Soliton 
KW  -  Tunneln 
KW  -  Tunneldynamik 
KW  -  periodische PotenzialeBose Einstein Condensate 
KW  -  nonlinear 
KW  -  matterwave dynamics 
KW  -  atom optics 
KW  -  Rb 
KW  -  Soliton 
KW  -  Self-trapping 
KW  -  Tunneling 
KW  -  tunneling dynamics
AV  - public
TI  - Ultracold quantum gases in one-dimensional optical lattice potentials : nonlinear matter wave dynamics
A1  - Anker, Thomas
ID  - heidok5915
UR  - https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/5915/
N2  - In this thesis I report on experiments on the quantum dynamics of matter waves in a onedimensional lattice potential. A 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensates is prepared in a one-dimensional waveguide in the lowest band of a superimposed optical lattice potential. The action of a weak lattice potential allows to modify the linear wave dispersion. We realized dispersion management by switching from normal to anomalous dispersion during the evolution. In this way the initial expansion of a wave packet is reversed to a compression and thus the effective spreading can be suppressed. By preparing a BEC at the Brillouin zone edge, we observed bright atomic gap solitons ? non-spreading wave packets. They form, if the atom number and the lattice potential depth is tuned such that the effect of the repulsive atomic interaction and the anomalous dispersion cancel. For deep lattice potentials our system is described by a discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation, whose dynamics is determined by the tunneling between adjacent lattice sites and the nonlinear phase evolution. In the main part of this thesis I report on the first experimental observation of nonlinear self-trapping for matter waves. The transition from the diffusive regime, characterized by an continuous expansion of the condensate, to the self-trapping regime is accomplished by increasing the atomic density. Due to the corresponding increase of the repulsive atomic interaction the initial expansion stops and the width of the wave packet remains finite. The comparison with a numerical analysis reveals that the effect is due to an inhibition of the site-to-site tunneling induced by the nonlinear phase evolution.
ER  -