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Abstract

TeV γ-ray astronomy is led by two main ground-based facilities: Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes, and Water Cherenkov Detectors. This thesis focuses on H.E.S.S., an array of five Cherenkov telescopes, and HAWC, a wide field of view γ -ray observatory, that are very complementary despite their technical differences. Part of this thesis is dedicated to the HAWC high energy upgrade with the outrigger array that was developed and deployed in the time frame of this Ph.D. I introduce the calibration for the charge and time reconstruction of the photomultiplier tubes that equip each of the small outrigger tanks. I present a comparison of the galactic plane as seen by HAWC and H.E.S.S. in the region where they overlap. I highlight the differences which arise from intrinsic properties of the instruments and from their dedicated data analysis, and show that background estimation is a major ingredient. The region of the galactic plane around the source 2HWC J1928+177 is studied in more details. A multi-component fit is performed and the best fit model includes two point sources for 2HWC J1930+188 and the new source HWC J1932+192, one extended source of size σ = 0.17° for 2HWC J1928+177 and 2 extra extended sources that account for larger scale emission.