Preview

PDF, English (Ph.D. Dissertation (Hugo Freitas)) - main document Download (12MB) | Terms of use

Abstract

Random and systematic uncertainties pose significant risks in charged ion therapy, potentially leading to under-dosing of tumors or over-dosing of healthy tissues. This study introduces a novel method to measure dose, range, and tumor localization in real time using prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy (PGS) and gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA). Gd accumulates in tumors and emits prompt gamma-rays and X-rays upon irradiation. While neutron capture by Gd is well-understood, this research highlights the role of particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) as a key interaction affecting the Gd signal. The study benchmarks and improves PGS models for Monte Carlo simulations and experimentally investigates the spectral response of Gd under varying particle beam conditions. The underlying physics of characteristic X-rays was analyzed, and the feasibility of using Gd and PGS for accurate dose and tumor monitoring was explored. This work lays the groundwork for the clinical use of PGS with GBCAs, offering a promising appro