Deutsche Übersetzung des Titels: Kohärente Materiewellen in Oberflächennähe

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Abstract

Neutral atoms can be trapped and manipulated on microscopic scales near surfaces of atom chips. The work covered by this thesis includes the development and test of microscopic atom optical tools. An omni-directional magnetic matter wave guide and novel types of magneto-electric trapping potentials are investigated experimentally with cold thermal lithium atoms. During the construction of a new setup working with ultracold rubidium atoms, a novel type of integrated magneto-optical trap for a simplified production of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) near surfaces was implemented. The influence of surface disorder potentials on BECs is studied. A reduction of disturbing effects by two orders of magnitude for a lithographic process over electroplating is found. The impact of thermal noise is investigated theoretically and initial experimental results are presented.