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Abstract

The presented thesis reports on the development of a broadly applicable, open-source, modular system architecture for quantum gas experiments, which has been named Heidelberg Quantum Architecture (HQA). In the ongoing rollover of quantum gas apparatuses from mere experiments to usable platforms for quantum simulation, similar to classical computing in the 1950s, such an architecture can be beneficial in the pursuit of improving the usability and raising the technology readiness level (TRL) of these systems. An exemplary quantum gas apparatus for quantum simulation with ultracold 6 Li, follow- ing the guidelines of HQA, is constructed. It is named Heidelberg Quantum Architecture based experiment described in this thesis (HQA-ONE). The modular concept of Heidel- berg Quantum Architecture (HQA), which disentangles the complexity of the quantum gas apparatus into subsystems that are attached to a common mechanical frame of reference (FOR), is demonstrated. A passive interfacing precision of the exchangeable modules mounted to the framework of around ±10µm is measured. The reconfigurable apparatus HQA-ONE is equipped with modules for deterministic preparation of atom number states in the ground state of an optical tweezer to exemplarily demonstrate a core capability of quantum simulators, quantum state initialization, with the apparatus and indirectly with the platform. Further modules to choose from when configuring the apparatus for quantum simulations in the future are developed, constructed, and presented in the thesis, underlining the reconfiguration character of the platform and its versatility.