I Fasti (Volume I)

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Abstract

Pericle Perali, * 1884 in Orvieto, + 1949 in Rom, begann seine Forscherkarriere bereits1901 unter Anleitung des Historikers Luigi Fumi im Archivio storico seiner Heimatstadt. In den Jahren 1906/1907 war er an der Entstehung des 11. Faszikels des Corpus Inscriptionum Etruscarum beteiligt; 1910 Laurea in Lettere mit Auszeichnung, Universität Bologna; 1911 Diplom, Scuola Archeologica di Atene; parallel dazu mehrere juristische Examina, Universität Perugia. Seit 1910 Gymnasiallehrer, später Gymnasialdirektor in Orvieto. Aus seiner Ernennung zum Direktor des Museo Etrusco-Romano der Universität Perugia erwuchs in den Jahren 1921-1923 die Gründung der Corsi estivi di Cultura Superiore, die den Grundstein für die spätere Errichtung der Università per Stranieri legten. 1923 ernannte ihn Pius XI. zum wissenschaftlichen Archivar und Vizepräfekten des Vatikanischen Geheimarchivs. Daneben lehrte er auch an der Facoltà di Scienze, Universität Rom. Peralis Forschungen prägten eine für seine Zeit neuartige historiographische Auffassung, wonach sich ihm die Geschichte aus der Perspektive eines Soziologen erschloß. Im Zentrum seiner systematischen und intensiven Studien steht die Logik der Arbeit („logica del lavoro“), Dreh- und Angelpunkt seiner soziologisch orientierten wie archäologisch, literarisch und philologisch geprägten Beobachtungen im Bemühen um ein tieferes Verständnis und eine Rekonstruktion der Entwicklung der römischen Gesellschaft von ihren Ursprüngen her („Le origini artigiane, industriali e marcantili di Roma“, Roma 1932; „La logica del lavoro nell’antichità“, Genova 1933; „Industria: forza di Roma“, Roma 1940). Götter, Heroen, Kulte und Rituale reflektieren dabei Gesetzmäßigkeiten ältester handwerklicher Tätigkeiten, des Handels, der Bräuche und rechtlichen Regelungen: all dies zutiefst intellektuelle, unermüdlich tradierte Schöpfungen des Menschen. Religion fungiert dabei gleichsam als Garantin für die Weitergabe essenzieller Arbeitstechniken. In dem Maße, wie Arbeit in ihrer ursprünglichsten Funktion letztlich nichts anderes als Religiosität performiert, ist das Phänomen der Religiosität zugleich eine Konsequenz aus der Logik der Arbeit. „I Fasti“ befaßt sich mit der Konzeption von Arbeit im Rom der Königs- und republikanischen Zeit. Es ist das letzte Werk von Pericle Perali, dessen Drucklegung er nicht mehr zum Abschluß bringen konnte. Bislang unpubliziert, steht der Forschung hier nun erstmals und einmalig das Originalmanuskript zur Verfügung, über dessen Fertigstellung der Autor im Jahre 1949 verstarb.

Translation of abstract (English)

Pericle Perali, who was born in Orvieto in 1884 and died in Rome in 1949, started his career as a researcher already in 1901 under the guidance of the historian Luigi Fumi at the Archivio storico of his hometown. During the years 1906/07, he was involved in originating the 11th fascicle of the Corpus Inscriptionum Etruscarum, passed Laurea in Lettere cum laude at the University of Bologna in 1910, passed his diploma at the Scuola Archeologica di Atene, alongside he passed several exams in law at the University of Perugia. He became a high school teacher in 1910 and later the headmaster at the high school of Orvieto. Out of his appointment as headmaster of the Museo Etrusco-Romano of the University of Perugia, the establishment of the Corsi estivi di Cultura Superiore arose in the years 1921–1923, which formed the foundations for the later building of the Università per Stranieri. In 1923, Pius XI. appointed him as scholarly archivist and vice prefect of the secret archives of the Vatican. Besides, he also taught at the Facoltà di Scienze, University of Rome. Perali’s researches shaped a historiographical view which was new at the time, according to which history revealed itself to him from the perspective of a sociologist. The centre of his systematic and intense studies is the logic of work (“logica del lavoro”). That is the crucial point of his sociologically orientated, as well as archaeologically, literarily, and philologically shaped observations striving after a deeper understanding and a reconstruction of the development of the Roman society up from its origins (“Le origini artigiane, industriali e mercantili di Roma”, Roma 1932; “La logica del lavoro nell’antichità”, Genova 1933; “Industria: forza di Roma”, Roma 1940). Gods, heroes, cults, and rites reflect the nature of the oldest handskills, of trade, of tradition, and of legal rules: those are all deeply intellectual creations by man, passed on perpetually. In that scope, religion functioned as a guarantee of passing on essential work-techniques. As much as work in its most original function does not perform anything but religiosity, as much the phenomenon of religiosity at the same time is a consequence of the logic of work. “I Fasti” deals with the concept of work in Rome during royal and republican times. It is the last work of Pericle Perali, whose printing he could not finish. Unpublished so far, the original manuscript – over whose completion the author died in 1949 – is now available and unique to research.